Broccoli hybrid ps05151639

ABSTRACT

The invention provides seed and plants of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a broccoli plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another broccoli plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Appl. Ser. No.61/238,602, filed Aug. 31, 2009, the entire disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of plant breeding and, morespecifically, to the development of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and theparent broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The goal of vegetable breeding is to combine various desirable traits ina single variety/hybrid. Such desirable traits may include any traitdeemed beneficial by a grower and/or consumer, including greater yield,resistance to insects or disease, tolerance to environmental stress, andnutritional value.

Breeding techniques take advantage of a plant's method of pollination.There are two general methods of pollination: a plant self-pollinates ifpollen from one flower is transferred to the same or another flower ofthe same plant or plant variety. A plant cross-pollinates if pollencomes to it from a flower of a different plant variety.

Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type over manygenerations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce auniform population of true breeding progeny, a homozygous plant. A crossbetween two such homozygous plants of different genotypes produces auniform population of hybrid plants that are heterozygous for many geneloci. Conversely, a cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number ofloci produces a population of hybrid plants that differ genetically andare not uniform. The resulting non-uniformity makes performanceunpredictable.

The development of uniform varieties requires the development ofhomozygous inbred plants, the crossing of these inbred plants, and theevaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection areexamples of breeding methods that have been used to develop inbredplants from breeding populations. Those breeding methods combine thegenetic backgrounds from two or more plants or various other broad-basedsources into breeding pools from which new lines and hybrids derivedtherefrom are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes.The new lines and hybrids are evaluated to determine which of those havecommercial potential.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides a broccoli plant of thehybrid designated PS05151639. Also provided are broccoli plants havingall the physiological and morphological characteristics of broccolihybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128.Parts of a broccoli plant of the present invention are also provided,for example, including pollen, an ovule, a floret, a head, and a cell ofthe plant.

In another aspect of the invention, a plant of broccoli hybridPS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 comprisingan added heritable trait is provided. The heritable trait may comprise agenetic locus that is, for example, a dominant or recessive allele. Inone embodiment of the invention, a plant of broccoli hybrid PS05151639and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 is defined ascomprising a single locus conversion. In specific embodiments of theinvention, an added genetic locus confers one or more traits such as,for example, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance,and modified carbohydrate metabolism. In further embodiments, the traitmay be conferred by a naturally occurring gene introduced into thegenome of a line by backcrossing, a natural or induced mutation, or atransgene introduced through genetic transformation techniques into theplant or a progenitor of any previous generation thereof. Whenintroduced through transformation, a genetic locus may comprise one ormore genes integrated at a single chromosomal location.

The invention also concerns the seed of broccoli hybrid PS05151639and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. The broccoli seed ofthe invention may, in one embodiment, be provided as an essentiallyhomogeneous population of broccoli seed of broccoli hybrid PS05151639and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. Essentiallyhomogeneous populations of seed are generally free from substantialnumbers of other seed. Therefore, seed of hybrid PS05151639 and/orbroccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 may be defined, in onenon-limiting embodiment, as forming at least about 97% of the totalseed, including at least about 98%, 99% or more of the seed. The seedpopulation can be separately grown to provide an essentially homogeneouspopulation of broccoli plants designated PS05151639 and/or broccolilines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128.

In yet another aspect of the invention, a tissue culture of regenerablecells of a broccoli plant of hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 is provided. The tissue culture will preferablybe capable of regenerating broccoli plants capable of expressing all ofthe physiological and morphological characteristics of the startingplant, and of regenerating plants having substantially the same genotypeas the starting plant. Examples of some of the physiological andmorphological characteristics of the hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccolilines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 include those traits set forth in thetables herein. The regenerable cells in such tissue cultures may bederived, for example, from embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen,leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower, seed and stalks.Still further, the present invention provides broccoli plantsregenerated from a tissue culture of the invention, the plants havingall the physiological and morphological characteristics of hybridPS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128.

In still yet another aspect, the invention provides a broccoli floretcomprising an endogenous content of MSB (glucoraphanin) and MSP(glucoiberin) present in a ratio of MSB to MSP of from about 2:1 toabout 40:1 on a weight to weight basis. In particular embodiments of theinvention, the ratio is at least about 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 8:1 or10:1. In further embodiments, the ratio may from about 2:1 to about30:1, from about 2:1 to about 20:1, from about 2:1 to about 15:1, fromabout 2:1 to about 10:1, from about 2:1 to about 8:1, from about 2:1 toabout 6:1, from about 3:1 to about 25:1, from about 3:1 to about 20:1,from about 3:1 to about 15:1, from about 3:1 to about 10:1, from about3:1 to about 7:1, from about 4:1 to about 30:1, from about 4:1 to about20:1, from about 4:1 to about 15:1, from about 4:1 to about 10:1, fromabout 5:1 to about 30:1, from about 5:1 to about 15:1, or from about 5:1to about 10:1. In one embodiment the floret contains at least about 10μmole/g dry weight MSB and MSP. In specific embodiments, the floret maycontain about 10 μmole, 15 μmole, 20 μmole, 25 μmole, 30 μmole, 40μmole, 50 μmole, 60 μmole, 70 μmole, 80 μmole, 90 μmole, 100 μmole, 125μmole, 150 μmole or more MSB and/or MSP. In specific embodiments, thefloret is obtained from a hybrid broccoli plant. In one embodiment, thefloret is obtained from a broccoli plant adapted for commercialcultivation. By “adapted for commercial product” it is meant that aplant is of a variety that has been bred to be suitable for cultivation.As is known in the art of plant breeding, such plants have a culminationof distinguishable traits such as vigor, disease or stress resistance,and yield that allows a producer to harvest a product of commercialsignificance. Also provided by the invention is a broccoli plant thatproduces such florets.

In still yet another aspect of the invention, processes are provided forproducing broccoli seeds, plants and parts thereof, which processesgenerally comprise crossing a first parent broccoli plant with a secondparent broccoli plant, wherein at least one of the first or secondparent broccoli plants is a plant of broccoli line BRM 51-1162 orbroccoli line BRL 51-1128. These processes may be further exemplified asprocesses for preparing hybrid broccoli seed or plants, wherein a firstbroccoli plant is crossed with a second broccoli plant of a different,distinct genotype to provide a hybrid that has, as one of its parents, aplant of broccoli line BRM 51-1162 or broccoli line BRL 51-1128. Inthese processes, crossing will result in the production of seed. Theseed production occurs regardless of whether the seed is collected ornot.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first step in “crossing”comprises planting seeds of a first and second parent broccoli plant,often in proximity so that pollination will occur for example, mediatedby insect vectors. Alternatively, pollen can be transferred manually.Where the plant is self-pollinated, pollination may occur without theneed for direct human intervention other than plant cultivation.

A second step may comprise cultivating or growing the seeds of first andsecond parent broccoli plants into plants that bear flowers. A thirdstep may comprise preventing self-pollination of the plants, such as byemasculating the flowers (i.e., killing or removing the pollen).

A fourth step for a hybrid cross may comprise cross-pollination betweenthe first and second parent broccoli plants. Yet another step comprisesharvesting the seeds from at least one of the parent broccoli plants.The harvested seed can be grown to produce a broccoli plant or hybridbroccoli plant.

The present invention also provides the broccoli seeds and plantsproduced by a process that comprises crossing a first parent broccoliplant with a second parent broccoli plant, wherein at least one of thefirst or second parent broccoli plants is a plant of broccoli hybridPS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. In oneembodiment of the invention, broccoli seed and plants produced by theprocess are first generation (F₁) hybrid broccoli seed and plantsproduced by crossing a plant in accordance with the invention withanother, distinct plant. The present invention further contemplatesplant parts of such an F₁ hybrid broccoli plant, and methods of usethereof. Therefore, certain exemplary embodiments of the inventionprovide an F₁ hybrid broccoli plant and seed thereof.

In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method ofproducing a plant derived from hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli linesBRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128, the method comprising the steps of: (a)preparing a progeny plant derived from hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccolilines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128, wherein said preparing comprisescrossing a plant of the hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 with a second plant; and (b) crossing theprogeny plant with itself or a second plant to produce a seed of aprogeny plant of a subsequent generation. In further embodiments, themethod may additionally comprise: (c) growing a progeny plant of asubsequent generation from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequentgeneration and crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generationwith itself or a second plant; and repeating the steps for an additional3-10 generations to produce a plant derived from hybrid PS05151639and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. The plant derivedfrom hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128may be an inbred line, and the aforementioned repeated crossing stepsmay be defined as comprising sufficient inbreeding to produce the inbredline. In the method, it may be desirable to select particular plantsresulting from step (c) for continued crossing according to steps (b)and (c). By selecting plants having one or more desirable traits, aplant derived from hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162and BRL 51-1128 is obtained which possesses some of the desirable traitsof the line/hybrid as well as potentially other selected traits.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method ofproducing food or feed comprising: (a) obtaining a plant of broccolihybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128,wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and (b) collectingtissue of the plant.

In still yet another aspect of the invention, the genetic complement ofbroccoli hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL51-1128 is provided. The phrase “genetic complement” is used to refer tothe aggregate of nucleotide sequences, the expression of which sequencesdefines the phenotype of, in the present case, a broccoli plant, or acell or tissue of that plant. A genetic complement thus represents thegenetic makeup of a cell, tissue or plant, and a hybrid geneticcomplement represents the genetic make up of a hybrid cell, tissue orplant. The invention thus provides broccoli plant cells that have agenetic complement in accordance with the broccoli plant cells disclosedherein, and plants, seeds and plants containing such cells.

Plant genetic complements may be assessed by genetic marker profiles,and by the expression of phenotypic traits that are characteristic ofthe expression of the genetic complement, e.g., isozyme typing profiles.It is understood that hybrid PS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 could be identified by any of the many wellknown techniques such as, for example, Simple Sequence LengthPolymorphisms (SSLPs) (Williams et al., 1990), Randomly AmplifiedPolymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF),Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary PrimedPolymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment LengthPolymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858, specifically incorporated herein byreference in its entirety), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)(Wang et al., 1998).

In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides hybridgenetic complements, as represented by broccoli plant cells, tissues,plants, and seeds, formed by the combination of a haploid geneticcomplement of a broccoli plant of the invention with a haploid geneticcomplement of a second broccoli plant, preferably, another, distinctbroccoli plant. In another aspect, the present invention provides abroccoli plant regenerated from a tissue culture that comprises a hybridgenetic complement of this invention.

In still yet another aspect, the invention provides a broccoli line BRM51-1162 that exhibits a combination of traits comprising stabletransmission of commercially useful traits and an elevated level of thephytochemicals MSP (glucoiberin). In certain embodiments, thecombination of traits may be defined as controlled by genetic means forthe expression of the combination of traits found in broccoli line BRM51-1162.

In still yet another aspect, the invention provides a hybrid broccoliplant that exhibits a combination of traits comprising superiorcommercial traits combined with increased levels of the phytochemicalMSB (glucoraphanin) and MSP (glucoiberin) (see, e.g., FIGS. 1-11 andTables 5-6). In certain embodiments, the combination of traits may bedefined as controlled by genetic means for the expression of thecombination of traits found in broccoli hybrid PS05151639.

In still yet another aspect, the invention provides a method ofdetermining the genotype of a plant of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and/orbroccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 comprising detecting in thegenome of the plant at least a first polymorphism. The method may, incertain embodiments, comprise detecting a plurality of polymorphisms inthe genome of the plant. The method may further comprise storing theresults of the step of detecting the plurality of polymorphisms on acomputer readable medium. The invention further provides a computerreadable medium produced by such a method.

Any embodiment discussed herein with respect to one aspect of theinvention applies to other aspects of the invention as well, unlessspecifically noted.

The term “about” is used to indicate that a value includes the standarddeviation of the mean for the device or method being employed todetermine the value. The use of the term “or” in the claims is used tomean “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives onlyor the alternatives are mutually exclusive. When used in conjunctionwith the word “comprising” or other open language in the claims, thewords “a” and “an” denote “one or more,” unless specifically notedotherwise. The terms “comprise,” “have” and “include” are open-endedlinking verbs. Any forms or tenses of one or more of these verbs, suchas “comprises,” “comprising,” “has,” “having,” “includes” and“including,” are also open-ended. For example, any method that“comprises,” “has” or “includes” one or more steps is not limited topossessing only those one or more steps and also covers other unlistedsteps. Similarly, any plant that “comprises,” “has” or “includes” one ormore traits is not limited to possessing only those one or more traitsand covers other unlisted traits.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the following detailed description. It should beunderstood, however, that the detailed description and any specificexamples provided, while indicating specific embodiments of theinvention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changesand modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention willbecome apparent to those skilled in the art from this detaileddescription.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows MSB levels expressed in mg/148 g of starting material forhybrid PS05151639 (labeled “PX1639”) and two comparison varieties. MSBwas quantified in stalks and florets by standard methods.

FIG. 2 shows MSB levels in PS05151639 (“1639”) and two comparisonvarieties grown at five different locations in one growing season.Trials were conducted in RCB with 3-4 replicates per variety or in stripplots, unreplicated within a location. MSB was quantified by standardmethods.

FIG. 3 shows MSB levels in PS05151639 (“1639”) and two comparisonvarieties grown at five different locations in one growing season.Trials were conducted in RCB with 3-4 replicates per variety or in stripplots, unreplicated within a location. MSB was quantified by standardmethods.

FIG. 4 shows MSP levels in PS05151639 (“1639”) and two comparisonvarieties grown at five different locations in one growing season.Trials were conducted in RCB with 3-4 replicates per variety or in stripplots, unreplicated within a location. MSP was quantified by standardmethods.

FIG. 5 shows MSP levels in PS05151639 (“1639”) and two comparisonvarieties grown at five different locations in one growing season.Trials were conducted in RCB with 3-4 replicates per variety or in stripplots, unreplicated within a location. MSB was quantified by standardmethods.

FIG. 6 shows MSB LSM (least-squared means) analysis for eachlocation×planting combination shown in FIG. 2. p-values show thatPS05151639 (“1639”) has a significantly higher MSB content than thecomparison varieties (p<0.15).

FIG. 7 shows MSB LSM (least-squared means) analysis for eachlocation×planting combination shown in FIG. 3. p-values show thatPS05151639 (“1639”) has a significantly higher MSB content than thecomparison varieties (p<0.10).

FIG. 8 shows MSB times-difference analysis for each location×plantingcombination shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 9 shows MSB times-difference analysis for each location×plantingcombination shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 10 shows a combined analysis of MSB levels across two replicatesand multiple locations (data from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 combined). Data forPS05151639 is labeled “1639”.

FIG. 11 shows a combined analysis of MSP levels across two replicatesand multiple locations (data from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 combined). Data forPS05151639 is labeled “1639”.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides methods and compositions relating to plants,seeds and derivatives of PS05151639 broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and/orbroccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. The parent lines showuniformity and stability within the limits of environmental influencefor the traits described hereinafter. By crossing the parent lines,uniform plants of hybrid PS05151639 can be obtained.

In one embodiment, a plant of the invention comprises one or moreimproved trait selected from increased levels of the phytochemicals MSP(glucoiberin) and/or MSB (glucoraphanin) levels. The development ofbroccoli hybrid PS05151639 and its parent lines can be summarized asfollows.

A. ORIGIN AND BREEDING HISTORY OF BROCCOLI HYBRID PS05151639

The parents of hybrid PS05151639 are BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. Theseparents were created as follows.

Line FT-69 is a line developed by the John Innes Center, UK which haselevated levels of the phytochemical MSP (glucoiberin). It was createdby crossing a wild relative of domesticated broccoli, Brassica villosa,with a domesticated broccoli, Brassica oleracea. FT-69 was backcrossedto the adapted broccoli parent line BRM 51-19. After each cross, plantswere selected based on phenotype similarities to the recurrent parentBRM 51-19, and analyzed for levels of MSP (glucoiberin) and theadditional phytochemical MSB (glucoraphanin). The finished line wasnamed BRM 51-1162.

BRL 51-1128 was developed from an original cross of BRL 51-99 singlecross (SC) with a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) Broccoli having thecabbage Blue Dynasty cytoplasm. BRL 51-99 was the doubled haploid inbredline 398-1254. A back cross program using BRL 51-99 as the recurrentpollen parent for 5 generations was pursued. After five generations ofbackcrossing, BRL 51-1128 CMS BC 5 line was sent to a production siteand the breeder source 05BajaBK 76-2A/CP 1915 was created and used infoundation seed program for this inbred.

B. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BROCCOLI HYBRIDPS05151639, BROCCOLI LINE BRM 51-1162 AND BROCCOLI LINE BRL 51-1128

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a plant having the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and the parent linesthereof. A description of the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of such plants is presented in Tables 1-3.

TABLE 1 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of HybridPS05151639 CHARACTERISTIC PS05151639 Heritage Species Brassica oleraceavar. italica L. Brassica oleracea var. italica L. Region of Adaptation(area Pacific Coast Pacific Coast where best adapted in USA) MaturityFall Planted (days from 129.5 129.5 direct seeding to 50% Rep 1 Jan. 8,2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 Rep 1 Jan. 8, 2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 harvest)Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28,2009 Fall Planted (days from 80 80 transplanting to 50% Rep 1 Feb. 27,2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009 Rep 1 Feb. 27, 2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009harvest) Fall Planted (length of 1 1 harvest period in days) Rep 1 May21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009Harvest Season (main Spring/Summer Spring/Summer crop at 50% harvest)Time of Harvest Maturity Early Medium (50% of plants) (Galaxy, Packman,Scorpio) Time of Beginning of Medium Medium Flowering (50% of plants(Coaster, Cruiser) with at least 10% flowers) Seedling Cotyledon ColorMedium Green Medium Green Cotyledon Color (RHS 132D 132D color chartvalue) Cotyledon Anthocyanin Absent Weak Hypocotyl AnthocyaninIntermediate Intermediate Plant Plant Height (at harvest, 68.2 74.9 cm)Head Height (at harvest, 35.9 38.8 cm) Height (at harvest Medium Tallmaturity, cm) (Coaster) Number of Stems One One (Ramoso Calabrese,Shogun) Branches Many Medium Habit Intermediate Intermediate MarketClass Both Both Life Cycle Annual Annual Type of Variety FirstGeneration Hybrid Hybrid Leaf Width Medium Broad (Buccaneer, Green Belt)Length (including petiole) Long Long (Green Duke, Laser) Number of LobesMedium Many (Coaster, Topper) Attitude (at beginning of Semi-erect SemiErect head formation) (Arcadia, Asti, Civet, Claudia) Outer LeavesNumber of Leaves Per 16.09 14.3 Plant (at harvest) Width (at midpoint of16.4 18 plant including petiole, cm) Length (at midpoint of 54.6 60.1plant including petiole, cm) Petiole Length (cm) 22.5 23.8 Length LongLong (Groene Calabrese, Premium Crop) Leaf Ratio - 5:1 5:1 Length/WidthLeaf Attachment Petiolate Petiolate Wax Presence IntermediateIntermediate Foliage Color (with wax, Dark Green Dark Green if present)Foliage Color (with wax, 139A 136A if present, RHS color chart value)Leaf Shape Narrow Elliptic Narrow Elliptic Leaf Base Blunt Blunt LeafApex Blunt Blunt Leaf Margins Very Wavy Very Wavy Leaf Veins Thick ThickMidrib Raised Raised Attitude (leaf angle from Erect Erect ground)(80-100 degrees) Torsion of Leaf Tip Intermediate Intermediate Profileof Upper Side of Concave Planar Leaf Leaf Blade Color Green Green(Claudia, Verflor) Intensity of Color Dark Dark Anthocyanin ColorationAbsent Absent (Claudia, Embassy) Undulation of Margin Medium Medium(Citation) Dentation of Margin Medium Medium (Buccaneer) BlisteringMedium Medium (Medium Late 145, Skiff) Head Length of Branching at VeryLong Short Base (excluding stem) (A Getti di Napoli) Diameter (at widestpoint, 15.4 14.4 at market maturity, cm) Depth (at market 14.2 10.9maturity, cm) Weight (market trimmed, 391.4 387.5 at market maturity,grams) Color (at market maturity) Medium Green Dark Green (Idol,Verflor) Intensity of Color Medium Dark Color (at market maturity, 137BN138B RHS color chart value) Anthocyanin Coloration Present Absent(Brigadeer, Shogun, Viola) Intensity of Anthocyanin Weak Coloration(Brigadeer) Shape (at market Circular Transverse Elliptic maturity)(Esquire) Dome Shape (at market Domed Semi Domed maturity) Size (atmarket maturity) Medium Medium (Dundee, Early Man) Compactness/Firmness(at Short Pedicels/Tight/Firm Short Pedicels/Tight/Firm market maturity)(Captain) Surface Knobbling (at Medium Fine market maturity) (SouthernComet) Texture Coarse Fine (Citation) Bead Size (at market Small Smallmaturity) Flower Buds (at market Uneven in Size Even In Size maturity)(Cateye) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Axils (at marketmaturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Veins (at marketmaturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Blade (at marketmaturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Present Present of Entire Plant (atmarket maturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Petiole(at market (Claudia, Embassy) maturity) Color of Head Leaves (at GreenGreen market maturity) Color of Head Leaves (at 137A 137A marketmaturity, RHS color chart value) Bracts Absent Absent (Gem, Orion)Secondary Heads (at Axillary along entire main Axillary along entiremain market maturity) stem up to main head stem up to main headProminence of Secondary Weak Weak Heads (at market maturity) Number ofSecondary 1.4 1.3 Heads (at market maturity) Flower Color Cream YellowIntensity of Yellow Color Light Color (RHS color chart 157D 5C value)Stalk Color Green Green Stalk Color (RHS color 137A 137B chart value)Male Sterility Present Present (Chevalier, Montop) *These are typicalvalues. Values may vary due to environment. Other values that aresubstantially equivalent are also within the scope of the invention.

TABLE 2 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line BRM51-1162 CHARACTERISTIC BRM 51-1162 Heritage Species Brassica oleraceavar. italica L. Brassica oleracea var. italica L. Region of Adaptation(area Pacific Coast Pacific Coast where best adapted in USA) MaturityFall Planted (days from 136 129.5 direct seeding to 50% Rep 1 Jan. 8,2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 Rep 1 Jan. 8, 2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 harvest)Rep 1 May 28, 2009 rep 2 Jun. 3, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28,2009 Fall Planted (days from 86.5 80 transplanting to 50% Rep 1 Feb. 27,2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009 Rep 1 Feb. 27, 2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009harvest) Fall Planted (length of 1 1 harvest period in days) Rep 1 May28, 2009 rep 2 Jun. 3, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1May 28, 2009 rep 2 Jun. 3, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009Harvest Season (main Spring/Summer Spring/Summer crop at 50% harvest)Time of Harvest Maturity Very Late Medium (50% of plants) (Late PurpleSprouting) Time of Beginning of Medium-Late Medium Flowering (50% ofplants with at least 10% flowers) Seedling Cotyledon Color Medium GreenMedium Green Cotyledon Color (RHS 132D 132D color chart value) CotyledonAnthocyanin Weak Weak Hypocotyl Anthocyanin Weak Intermediate PlantPlant Height (at harvest, 52 74.9 cm) Head Height (at harvest, 20.2538.8 cm) Height (at harvest Short Tall maturity) (Packman, Primor)Number of Stems One One (Ramoso Calabrese, Shogun) Branches Many MediumHabit Compact Intermediate Market Class Both Both Life Cycle AnnualAnnual Type of Variety Inbred Hybrid Leaf Width Narrow Broad (Arcadia,Brigadeer) Length (including petiole) Long Long (Green Duke, Laser)Number of Lobes Few Many (Early White Sprouting) Attitude (at beginningof Semi-erect Semi Erect head formation) (Arcadia, Asti, Civet, Claudia)Outer Leaves Number of Leaves Per 14.09 14.3 Plant (at harvest) Width(at midpoint of 18.3 18 plant including petiole, cm) Length (at midpointof 47.8 60.1 plant including petiole, cm) Petiole Length (cm) 18.1 23.8Leaf Ratio - 4:1 5:1 Length/Width Leaf Attachment Petiolate PetiolateWax Presence Intermediate Intermediate Foliage Color (with wax, DarkGreen Dark Green if present) Foliage Color (with wax, 138A 136A ifpresent, RHS color chart value) Leaf Shape Narrow Elliptic NarrowElliptic Leaf Base Blunt Blunt Leaf Apex Blunt Blunt Leaf Margins VeryWavy Very Wavy Leaf Veins Thick Thick Midrib Raised Raised Attitude(leaf angle from Erect Erect ground) (80-100 degrees) Torsion of LeafTip Intermediate Intermediate Profile of Upper Side of Planar PlanarLeaf Petiole Length Long Long (Groene Calabrese, Premium Crop) LeafBlade Color Green Green (Claudia, Verflor) Intensity of Color Dark DarkAnthocyanin Coloration Present Absent (Buccaneer, Pascal) Undulation ofMargin Medium Medium (Citation) Dentation of Margin Medium Medium(Buccaneer) Blistering Medium Medium (Medium Late 145, Skiff) HeadLength of Branching at Short Short Base (excluding stem) (Brigadeer,Buccaneer, Emperor) Diameter (at widest point, 13 14.4 at marketmaturity, cm) Depth (at market 13.2 10.9 maturity, cm) Weight (markettrimmed, 355.6 387.5 at market maturity, grams) Color (at marketmaturity) Blue-green Dark Green (Buccaneer) Intensity of Color MediumDark Color (at market maturity, 137B N138B RHS color chart value)Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent (Early White Sprouting) Shape (atmarket Circular Transverse Elliptic maturity) (Esquire) Dome Shape (atmarket Semi-domed Semi Domed maturity) Size (at market maturity) SmallMedium (Orbit, Scorpio) Compactness/Firmness (at ShortPedicels/Tight/Firm Short Pedicels/Tight/Firm market maturity) (Captain)Surface Knobbling (at Medium Fine market maturity) (Southern Comet)Texture Fine Fine (Auriga, Bishop, Green Top) Bead Size (at market SmallSmall maturity) Flower Buds (at market Uneven in Size Even In Sizematurity) (Cateye) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Axils(at market maturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Veins(at market maturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Blade(at market maturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Present Present of EntirePlant (at market maturity) Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of LeafPetiole (at market (Claudia, Embassy) maturity) Color of Head Leaves (atGreen Green market maturity) Color of Head Leaves (at 137A 137A marketmaturity, RHS color chart value) Bracts Present Absent (RamosoCalabrese) Secondary Heads (at Completely Absent Axillary along entiremain market maturity) (Scorpio, Zeus) stem up to main head Prominence ofSecondary Weak Heads (at market maturity) Number of Secondary 0 1.3Heads (at market maturity) Flower Color Cream Yellow Intensity of YellowColor Light Color (RHS color chart 155A 5C value) Stalk Color GreenGreen Stalk Color (RHS color 138A 137B chart value) Male SterilityAbsent Present (Marathon) *These are typical values. Values may vary dueto environment. Other values that are substantially equivalent are alsowithin the scope of the invention.

TABLE 3 Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Line BRL51-1128 CHARACTERISTIC BRL 51-1128 Heritage Species Brassica oleraceavar. italica L. Brassica oleracea var. italica L. Region of Adaptation(area Pacific Coast Pacific Coast where best adapted in USA) MaturityFall Planted (days from 129.5 129.5 direct seeding to 50% Rep 1 Jan. 8,2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 Rep 1 Jan. 8, 2009 rep 2 Jan. 22, 2009 harvest)Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28,2009 Fall Planted (days from 80 80 transplanting to 50% Rep 1 Feb. 27,2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009 Rep 1 Feb. 27, 2009 rep 2 Mar. 12, 2009harvest) Fall Planted (length of 1 1 harvest period in days) Rep 1 May21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009 Rep 1 May 21, 2009 rep 2 May 28, 2009Harvest Season (main Spring/Summer Spring/Summer crop at 50% harvest)Time of Harvest Maturity Early Medium (50% of plants) (Galaxy, Packman,Scorpio) Time of Beginning of Late Medium Flowering (50% of plants(Shogun, Viola) with at least 10% flowers) Seedling Cotyledon ColorMedium Green Medium Green Cotyledon Color (RHS 132D 132D color chartvalue) Cotyledon Anthocyanin Weak Weak Hypocotyl Anthocyanin StrongIntermediate Plant Plant Height (at harvest, 52.6 74.9 cm) Head Height(at harvest, 38.2 38.8 cm) Height (at harvest Short Tall maturity)(Packman, Primor) Number of Stems More Than One One (A Getti di Napoli)Branches Many Medium Habit Compact Intermediate Market Class Both BothLife Cycle Annual Annual Type of Variety Inbred Hybrid Leaf Width BroadBroad (Claudia, Esquire, New Prince) Length (including petiole) LongLong (Green Duke, Laser) Number of Lobes Few Many (Early WhiteSprouting) Attitude (at beginning of Semi-erect Semi Erect headformation) (Arcadia, Asti, Civet, Claudia) Outer Leaves Number of LeavesPer 27.7 14.3 Plant (at harvest) Width (at midpoint of 11.7 18 plantincluding petiole, cm) Length (at midpoint of 41 60.1 plant includingpetiole, cm) Petiole Length (cm) 16.7 23.8 Leaf Ratio - 4:1 5:1Length/Width Leaf Attachment Petiolate Petiolate Wax PresenceIntermediate Intermediate Foliage Color (with wax, Purple-green DarkGreen if present) Foliage Color (with wax, 137A 136A if present, RHScolor chart value) Leaf Shape Broad Elliptic Narrow Elliptic Leaf BaseBlunt Blunt Leaf Apex Blunt Blunt Leaf Margins Slightly Wavy Very WavyLeaf Veins Thick Thick Midrib Raised Raised Attitude (leaf angle fromErect Erect ground) (80-100 degrees) Torsion of Leaf Tip IntermediateIntermediate Profile of Upper Side of Concave Planar Leaf Petiole LengthLong Long (Groene Calabrese, Premium Crop) Leaf Blade Color Green Green(Claudia, Verflor) Intensity of Color Dark Dark Anthocyanin ColorationPresent Absent (Buccaneer, Pascal) Undulation of Margin Medium Medium(Citation) Dentation of Margin Medium Medium (Buccaneer) BlisteringMedium Medium (Medium Late 145, Skiff) Head Length of Branching at VeryLong Short Base (excluding stem) (A Getti di Napoli) Diameter (at widestpoint, 12.1 14.4 at market maturity, cm) Depth (at market 15.75 10.9maturity, cm) Weight (market trimmed, 221.8 387.5 at market maturity,grams) Color (at market maturity) Purple/Violet Dark Green (Viola)Intensity of Color Medium Dark Color (at market maturity, 189A N138B RHScolor chart value) Anthocyanin Coloration Present Absent (Brigadeer,Shogun, Viola) Intensity of Anthocyanin Strong Coloration Shape (atmarket Transverse Elliptic Narrow Transverse Elliptic maturity)(Citation, Scorpio, Zeus) Dome Shape (at market Domed Semi Domedmaturity) Size (at market maturity) Small Medium (Orbit, Scorpio)Compactness/Firmness (at Short Pedicels/Tight/Firm ShortPedicels/Tight/Firm market maturity) (Captain) Surface Knobbling (atCoarse Fine market maturity) (Perseus, Regilio) Texture Coarse Fine(Citation) Bead Size (at market Small Small maturity) Flower Buds (atmarket Uneven in Size Even In Size maturity) (Cateye) AnthocyaninColoration Present Absent of Leaf Axils (at market maturity) AnthocyaninColoration Absent Absent of Leaf Veins (at market maturity) AnthocyaninColoration Present Absent of Leaf Blade (at market maturity) AnthocyaninColoration Present Present of Entire Plant (at market maturity)Anthocyanin Coloration Absent Absent of Leaf Petiole (at market(Claudia, Embassy) maturity) Color of Head Leaves (at Green Green marketmaturity) Color of Head Leaves (at 139A 137A market maturity, RHS colorchart value) Bracts Present Absent (Ramoso Calabrese) Secondary Heads(at Basal Axillary along entire main market maturity) stem up to mainhead Prominence of Secondary Strong Weak Heads (at market (Marathon,Tribute) maturity) Number of Secondary 1.5 1.3 Heads (at marketmaturity) Flower Color Yellow Yellow (Brigadeer, Orion) Intensity ofYellow Color Medium Light (Capitol, Corvet) Color (RHS color chart 3D 5Cvalue) Stalk Color Green Green Stalk Color (RHS color 137B 137B chartvalue) Male Sterility Present Present (Chevalier, Montop) *These aretypical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values thatare substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the invention.

C. BREEDING BROCCOLI PLANTS

One aspect of the current invention concerns methods for producing seedof broccoli hybrid PS05151639 involving crossing broccoli lines BRM51-1162 and BRL 51-1128. Alternatively, in other embodiments of theinvention, hybrid PS05151639, line BRM 51-1162, or line BRL 51-1128 maybe crossed with itself or with any second plant. Such methods can beused for propagation of hybrid PS05151639 and/or the broccoli lines BRM51-1162 and BRL 51-1128, or can be used to produce plants that arederived from hybrid PS05151639 and/or the broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 andBRL 51-1128. Plants derived from hybrid PS05151639 and/or the broccolilines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 may be used, in certain embodiments,for the development of new broccoli varieties.

The development of new varieties using one or more starting varieties iswell known in the art. In accordance with the invention, novel varietiesmay be created by crossing hybrid PS05151639 followed by multiplegenerations of breeding according to such well known methods. Newvarieties may be created by crossing with any second plant. In selectingsuch a second plant to cross for the purpose of developing novel lines,it may be desired to choose those plants which either themselves exhibitone or more selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit thedesired characteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Once initialcrosses have been made, inbreeding and selection take place to producenew varieties. For development of a uniform line, often five or moregenerations of selfing and selection are involved.

Uniform lines of new varieties may also be developed by way ofdouble-haploids. This technique allows the creation of true breedinglines without the need for multiple generations of selfing andselection. In this manner true breeding lines can be produced in aslittle as one generation. Haploid embryos may be produced frommicrospores, pollen, anther cultures, or ovary cultures. The haploidembryos may then be doubled autonomously, or by chemical treatments(e.g. colchicine treatment). Alternatively, haploid embryos may be growninto haploid plants and treated to induce chromosome doubling. In eithercase, fertile homozygous plants are obtained. In accordance with theinvention, any of such techniques may be used in connection with a plantof the invention and progeny thereof to achieve a homozygous line.

Backcrossing can also be used to improve an inbred plant. Backcrossingtransfers a specific desirable trait from one inbred or non-inbredsource to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can be accomplished, forexample, by first crossing a superior inbred (A) (recurrent parent) to adonor inbred (non-recurrent parent), which carries the appropriate locusor loci for the trait in question. The progeny of this cross are thenmated back to the superior recurrent parent (A) followed by selection inthe resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from thenon-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations withselection for the desired trait, the progeny have the characteristicbeing transferred, but are like the superior parent for most or almostall other loci. The last backcross generation would be selfed to givepure breeding progeny for the trait being transferred.

The plant of the present invention are particularly well suited for thedevelopment of new lines based on the elite nature of the geneticbackground of the plants. In selecting a second plant to cross withPS05151639 and/or broccoli lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 for thepurpose of developing novel broccoli lines, it will typically bepreferred to choose those plants which either themselves exhibit one ormore selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit the desiredcharacteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Examples of desirabletraits may include, in specific embodiments, high seed yield, high seedgermination, seedling vigor, high yield, disease tolerance orresistance, and adaptability for soil and climate conditions.Consumer-driven traits, such as a head shape, nutritional value, andtaste are other traits that may be incorporated into new lines ofbroccoli plants developed by this invention.

D. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

As described above, hybrid PS05151639 exhibits desirable agronomictraits. The performance characteristics of PS05151639 were the subjectof an objective analysis of the performance traits relative to othervarieties. The results of the analysis are presented below.

TABLE 4 Performance Characteristics For PS05151639 and SelectedVarieties* Variety Plant Traits Stem Traits (average Size TypeUniformity Vigor Side Shoots Size Smoothness Cleaning ability over eight(1 = tall, (1 = erect, (1 = excellent, (1 = very strong, (1 = absent, (1= thick, 1 = very smooth, (1 = very easy, trials) 9 = short) 9 = open) 9= poor) 9 = very weak) 9 = very weak) 9 = thin) 9 = very irregular) 9 =difficult) PS05151639 3.6 2.3 3.79 3.3 1.5 5.8 1.92 1.5 Average Marathon4.8 3.5 3 3.3 2.125 6 1.75 1.56 Average Heritage 3.5 2.3 3 3.3 2.25 4.64.42 4.06 Average Variety Stem Traits Floret Traits Head Traits (averageLateral Heads Size Contrast Color Pedicel Size Type Size (cm) Color overeight (1 = absent. (1 = tall, (1 = absent, (1 = short, (1 = crown, (1 =extra large [>7″], (1 = dark green, trials) 9 = alot) 9 = short) 9= >26%) 9 = large) 9 = spear) 7 = small [<5″]) 9 = purple green)PS05151639 1 4 5 1 1 5 3.59 Average Marathon 1 4 5 1 1 5 4.34 AverageHeritage 1 6 5 1 1 5 1.58 average Head Traits Weight Defects Variety (1= very heavy Hollow Stem (average Shape Bead Size Firmness Smoothness[<400 gr], (1 = 100% steam Stem Oxidatin over eight (1 = high dome, (1 =very fine, (1 = very firm, (1 = very smooth, 9 = light solid, 9 = (1 =absent, trials) 9 = flat) 9 = variable) 9 = soft) 9 = very irregular)[<200 gr]) 76-100% hollow) 9 = severe) PS05151639 2.4 4 5.2 5.2 5.25 1 1Average Marathon 3.9 4.05 5.1 4.3 6.75 1 1 Average Heritage 3.1 4.1253.3 3.3 5 1.125 1 average Variety Defects Harvest (average Bracting Cateye Brown Bead Open bead Diseases Holding Ability (field) Overall overeight (1 = absent, ( 1 = absent, (1 = absent, (1 = absent, (1 = absent,(1 = good, (1 = advance, trials) 9 = severe) 9 = severe) 9 = severe) 9 =present) 9 = severe) 9 = bad) 9 = drop) PS05151639 1 2.5 1.06 1 1 1.6254.8 Average Marathon 1 2.6 1 1 1 1.625 4.9 Average Heritage 1 2.5 1 1 11 3.5 Average *Based on scales as indicated

MSB levels were quantitated using standard methods. The data wasanalyzed using a combined analysis across locations and plantings,considering variety as a fixed effect, and location, planting, repswithin (location×planting), location×planting, and their interactionswith variety as random effects. Results for MSB are presented in Table5. Hybrid PS05151639's LS-mean was 428, vs comparison varieties HeritageLSM of 180 and Marathon's of 123. PS05151639 contained 2.4× more MSBthan Heritage and 3.5× more than Marathon.

TABLE 5 MSB Levels For PS05151639 and Selected Varieties Variety MSB LSMStd. Error Difference X-Difference PS05151639 428 46.2 Heritage 180 46.2249 2.4X Marathon 123 46.2 305 3.5X

MSP levels were quantitated using standard methods. The data wasanalyzed using a combined analysis across locations and plantings,considering variety as fixed effect, and location, planting, reps within(location×planting), location×planting, and their interactions withvariety as random effects. Results for MSP are presented in Table 6.Hybrid PS05151639's LS-mean was 62, vs comparison varieties Heritage LSMof 8 and Marathon's LSM of 7. PS05151639's MSB was 7.8× that of Heritageand 8.5× that of Marathon.

TABLE 6 Performance Characteristics For PS05151639 and SelectedVarieties Variety MSP LSM Std. Error Difference X-Difference PS0515163962 8.2 Heritage 8 8.2 54 7.8X Marathon 7 8.2 55 8.5X

MSB and MSP levels were quantitated in the lines BRL 51-1128 and BRM51-1162 using standard methods. Results of this analysis are presentedin Table 7.

TABLE 7 Performance Characteristics For BRL 51-1128 and BRM 51-1162Glucoraphanin (MSB) Glucoiberin (MSP) micromoles/gram micromoles/gramVariety fresh weight fresh weight BRL 51-1128 CMS 1.026 0.000* BRL51-1128 CMS 1.256 0.000* BRL 51-1128 CMS 1.420 0.168 BRM 51-1162 0.7850.798 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.092 0.972 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.237 1.089 BRM 51-1162SC 1.598 1.402 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.552 1.531 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.933 1.609 BRM51-1162 SC 1.230 1.431 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.480 1.761 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.4401.912 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.606 1.806 BRM 51-1162 SC 1.873 2.444 BRM 51-1162SC 2.237 2.443 BRM 51-1162 SC 2.145 2.032 *no measurable glucoiberin(MSP)

E. FURTHER EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

In certain aspects of the invention, plants described herein areprovided modified to include at least a first desired heritable trait.Such plants may, in one embodiment, be developed by a plant breedingtechnique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of the desiredmorphological and physiological characteristics of a variety arerecovered in addition to a genetic locus transferred into the plant viathe backcrossing technique. The term single locus converted plant asused herein refers to those broccoli plants which are developed by aplant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all ofthe desired morphological and physiological characteristics of a varietyare recovered in addition to the single locus transferred into thevariety via the backcrossing technique. By essentially all of thedesired morphological and physiological characteristics, it is meantthat the characteristics of a plant are recovered that are otherwisepresent when compared in the same environment, other than an occasionalvariant trait that might arise during backcrossing or directintroduction of a transgene.

Backcrossing methods can be used with the present invention to improveor introduce a characteristic into the present variety. The parentalbroccoli plant which contributes the locus for the desiredcharacteristic is termed the nonrecurrent or donor parent. Thisterminology refers to the fact that the nonrecurrent parent is used onetime in the backcross protocol and therefore does not recur. Theparental broccoli plant to which the locus or loci from the nonrecurrentparent are transferred is known as the recurrent parent as it is usedfor several rounds in the backcrossing protocol.

In a typical backcross protocol, the original variety of interest(recurrent parent) is crossed to a second variety (nonrecurrent parent)that carries the single locus of interest to be transferred. Theresulting progeny from this cross are then crossed again to therecurrent parent and the process is repeated until a broccoli plant isobtained wherein essentially all of the desired morphological andphysiological characteristics of the recurrent parent are recovered inthe converted plant, in addition to the single transferred locus fromthe nonrecurrent parent.

The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important step for asuccessful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a backcross protocol isto alter or substitute a single trait or characteristic in the originalvariety. To accomplish this, a single locus of the recurrent variety ismodified or substituted with the desired locus from the nonrecurrentparent, while retaining essentially all of the rest of the desiredgenetic, and therefore the desired physiological and morphologicalconstitution of the original variety. The choice of the particularnonrecurrent parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross; one ofthe major purposes is to add some commercially desirable trait to theplant. The exact backcrossing protocol will depend on the characteristicor trait being altered and the genetic distance between the recurrentand nonrecurrent parents. Although backcrossing methods are simplifiedwhen the characteristic being transferred is a dominant allele, arecessive allele, or an additive allele (between recessive anddominant), may also be transferred. In this instance it may be necessaryto introduce a test of the progeny to determine if the desiredcharacteristic has been successfully transferred.

In one embodiment, progeny broccoli plants of a backcross in whichPS05151639 is the recurrent parent comprise (i) the desired trait fromthe non-recurrent parent and (ii) all of the physiological andmorphological characteristics of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 asdetermined at the 5% significance level when grown in the sameenvironmental conditions.

Broccoli varieties can also be developed from more than two parents. Thetechnique, known as modified backcrossing, uses different recurrentparents during the backcrossing. Modified backcrossing may be used toreplace the original recurrent parent with a variety having certain moredesirable characteristics or multiple parents may be used to obtaindifferent desirable characteristics from each.

Many single locus traits have been identified that are not regularlyselected for in the development of a new inbred but that can be improvedby backcrossing techniques. Single locus traits may or may not betransgenic; examples of these traits include, but are not limited to,herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial, fungal, or viral disease,insect resistance, modified fatty acid or carbohydrate metabolism, andaltered nutritional quality. These comprise genes generally inheritedthrough the nucleus.

Direct selection may be applied where the single locus acts as adominant trait. For this selection process, the progeny of the initialcross are assayed for viral resistance and/or the presence of thecorresponding gene prior to the backcrossing. Selection eliminates anyplants that do not have the desired gene and resistance trait, and onlythose plants that have the trait are used in the subsequent backcross.This process is then repeated for all additional backcross generations.

Selection of broccoli plants for breeding is not necessarily dependenton the phenotype of a plant and instead can be based on geneticinvestigations. For example, one can utilize a suitable genetic markerwhich is closely genetically linked to a trait of interest. One of thesemarkers can be used to identify the presence or absence of a trait inthe offspring of a particular cross, and can be used in selection ofprogeny for continued breeding. This technique is commonly referred toas marker assisted selection. Any other type of genetic marker or otherassay which is able to identify the relative presence or absence of atrait of interest in a plant can also be useful for breeding purposes.Procedures for marker assisted selection are well known in the art. Suchmethods will be of particular utility in the case of recessive traitsand variable phenotypes, or where conventional assays may be moreexpensive, time consuming or otherwise disadvantageous. Types of geneticmarkers which could be used in accordance with the invention include,but are not necessarily limited to, Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms(SSLPs) (Williams et al., 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs(RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence CharacterizedAmplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction(AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858,specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), andSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (Wang et al., 1998).

F. PLANTS DERIVED BY GENETIC ENGINEERING

Many useful traits that can be introduced by backcrossing, as well asdirectly into a plant, are those which are introduced by genetictransformation techniques. Genetic transformation may therefore be usedto insert a selected transgene into a plant of the invention or may,alternatively, be used for the preparation of transgenes which can beintroduced by backcrossing. Methods for the transformation of plantsthat are well known to those of skill in the art and applicable to manycrop species include, but are not limited to, electroporation,microprojectile bombardment, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation anddirect DNA uptake by protoplasts.

To effect transformation by electroporation, one may employ eitherfriable tissues, such as a suspension culture of cells or embryogeniccallus or alternatively one may transform immature embryos or otherorganized tissue directly. In this technique, one would partiallydegrade the cell walls of the chosen cells by exposing them topectin-degrading enzymes (pectolyases) or mechanically wound tissues ina controlled manner.

An efficient method for delivering transforming DNA segments to plantcells is microprojectile bombardment. In this method, particles arecoated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by a propellingforce. Exemplary particles include those comprised of tungsten,platinum, and preferably, gold. For the bombardment, cells in suspensionare concentrated on filters or solid culture medium. Alternatively,immature embryos or other target cells may be arranged on solid culturemedium. The cells to be bombarded are positioned at an appropriatedistance below the macroprojectile stopping plate.

An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA into plantcells by acceleration is the Biolistics Particle Delivery System, whichcan be used to propel particles coated with DNA or cells through ascreen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex screen, onto a surfacecovered with target cells. The screen disperses the particles so thatthey are not delivered to the recipient cells in large aggregates. It isbelieved that a screen intervening between the projectile apparatus andthe cells to be bombarded reduces the size of projectiles aggregate andmay contribute to a higher frequency of transformation by reducing thedamage inflicted on the recipient cells by projectiles that are toolarge. Microprojectile bombardment techniques are widely applicable, andmay be used to transform virtually any plant species.

Agrobacterium-mediated transfer is another widely applicable system forintroducing gene loci into plant cells. An advantage of the technique isthat DNA can be introduced into whole plant tissues, thereby bypassingthe need for regeneration of an intact plant from a protoplast. ModernAgrobacterium transformation vectors are capable of replication in E.coli as well as Agrobacterium, allowing for convenient manipulations(Klee et al., 1985). Moreover, recent technological advances in vectorsfor Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer have improved the arrangementof genes and restriction sites in the vectors to facilitate theconstruction of vectors capable of expressing various polypeptide codinggenes. The vectors described have convenient multi-linker regionsflanked by a promoter and a polyadenylation site for direct expressionof inserted polypeptide coding genes. Additionally, Agrobacteriumcontaining both armed and disarmed Ti genes can be used fortransformation.

In those plant strains where Agrobacterium-mediated transformation isefficient, it is the method of choice because of the facile and definednature of the gene locus transfer. The use of Agrobacterium-mediatedplant integrating vectors to introduce DNA into plant cells is wellknown in the art (Fraley et al., 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055).

Transformation of plant protoplasts also can be achieved using methodsbased on calcium phosphate precipitation, polyethylene glycol treatment,electroporation, and combinations of these treatments (see, e.g.,Potrykus et al., 1985; Omirulleh et al., 1993; Fromm et al., 1986;Uchimiya et al., 1986; Marcotte et al., 1988). Transformation of plantsand expression of foreign genetic elements is exemplified in Choi et al.(1994), and Ellul et al. (2003).

A number of promoters have utility for plant gene expression for anygene of interest including but not limited to selectable markers,scoreable markers, genes for pest tolerance, disease resistance,nutritional enhancements and any other gene of agronomic interest.Examples of constitutive promoters useful for broccoli plant geneexpression include, but are not limited to, the cauliflower mosaic virus(CaMV) P-35S promoter, which confers constitutive, high-level expressionin most plant tissues (see, e.g., Odel et al., 1985), including monocots(see, e.g., Dekeyser et al., 1990; Terada and Shimamoto, 1990); atandemly duplicated version of the CaMV 35S promoter, the enhanced 35Spromoter (P-e35S) the nopaline synthase promoter (An et al., 1988), theoctopine synthase promoter (Fromm et al., 1989); and the figwort mosaicvirus (P-FMV) promoter as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619 and anenhanced version of the FMV promoter (P-eFMV) where the promotersequence of P-FMV is duplicated in tandem, the cauliflower mosaic virus19S promoter, a sugarcane bacilliform virus promoter, a commelina yellowmottle virus promoter, and other plant DNA virus promoters known toexpress in plant cells.

A variety of plant gene promoters that are regulated in response toenvironmental, hormonal, chemical, and/or developmental signals can beused for expression of an operably linked gene in plant cells, includingpromoters regulated by (1) heat (Callis et al., 1988), (2) light (e.g.,pea rbcS-3A promoter, Kuhlemeier et al., 1989; maize rbcS promoter,Schaffner and Sheen, 1991; or chlorophyll a/b-binding protein promoter,Simpson et al., 1985), (3) hormones, such as abscisic acid (Marcotte etal., 1989), (4) wounding (e.g., wunl, Siebertz et al., 1989); or (5)chemicals such as methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, or Safener. It mayalso be advantageous to employ organ-specific promoters (e.g., Roshal etal., 1987; Schernthaner et al., 1988; Bustos et al., 1989).

Exemplary nucleic acids which may be introduced to the broccoli plantsof this invention include, for example, DNA sequences or genes fromanother species, or even genes or sequences which originate with or arepresent in the same species, but are incorporated into recipient cellsby genetic engineering methods rather than classical reproduction orbreeding techniques. However, the term “exogenous” is also intended torefer to genes that are not normally present in the cell beingtransformed, or perhaps simply not present in the form, structure, etc.,as found in the transforming DNA segment or gene, or genes which arenormally present and that one desires to express in a manner thatdiffers from the natural expression pattern, e.g., to over-express.Thus, the term “exogenous” gene or DNA is intended to refer to any geneor DNA segment that is introduced into a recipient cell, regardless ofwhether a similar gene may already be present in such a cell. The typeof DNA included in the exogenous DNA can include DNA which is alreadypresent in the plant cell, DNA from another plant, DNA from a differentorganism, or a DNA generated externally, such as a DNA sequencecontaining an antisense message of a gene, or a DNA sequence encoding asynthetic or modified version of a gene.

Many hundreds if not thousands of different genes are known and couldpotentially be introduced into a broccoli plant according to theinvention. Non-limiting examples of particular genes and correspondingphenotypes one may choose to introduce into a broccoli plant include oneor more genes for insect tolerance, such as a Bacillus thuringiensis(B.t.) gene, pest tolerance such as genes for fungal disease control,herbicide tolerance such as genes conferring glyphosate tolerance, andgenes for quality improvements such as yield, nutritional enhancements,environmental or stress tolerances, or any desirable changes in plantphysiology, growth, development, morphology or plant product(s). Forexample, structural genes would include any gene that confers insecttolerance including but not limited to a Bacillus insect control proteingene as described in WO 99/31248, herein incorporated by reference inits entirety, U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052, herein incorporated by referencein its entirety, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,500,365 and 5,880,275, hereinincorporated by reference it their entirety. In another embodiment, thestructural gene can confer tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate asconferred by genes including, but not limited to Agrobacterium strainCP4 glyphosate resistant EPSPS gene (aroA:CP4) as described in U.S. Pat.No. 5,633,435, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety, orglyphosate oxidoreductase gene (GOX) as described in U.S. Pat. No.5,463,175, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Alternatively, the DNA coding sequences can affect these phenotypes byencoding a non-translatable RNA molecule that causes the targetedinhibition of expression of an endogenous gene, for example viaantisense- or cosuppression-mediated mechanisms (see, for example, Birdet al., 1991). The RNA could also be a catalytic RNA molecule (i.e., aribozyme) engineered to cleave a desired endogenous mRNA product (seefor example, Gibson and Shillito, 1997). Thus, any gene which produces aprotein or mRNA which expresses a phenotype or morphology change ofinterest is useful for the practice of the present invention.

G. DEFINITIONS

In the description and tables herein, a number of terms are used. Inorder to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, the following definitions are provided:

Allele: Any of one or more alternative forms of a gene locus, all ofwhich alleles relate to one trait or characteristic. In a diploid cellor organism, the two alleles of a given gene occupy corresponding locion a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Backcrossing: A process in which a breeder repeatedly crosses hybridprogeny, for example a first generation hybrid (F₁), back to one of theparents of the hybrid progeny. Backcrossing can be used to introduce oneor more single locus conversions from one genetic background intoanother.

Crossing: The mating of two parent plants.

Cross-pollination: Fertilization by the union of two gametes fromdifferent plants.

Diploid: A cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes.

Emasculate: The removal of plant male sex organs or the inactivation ofthe organs with a cytoplasmic or nuclear genetic factor or a chemicalagent conferring male sterility.

Enzymes: Molecules which can act as catalysts in biological reactions.

F₁ Hybrid: The first generation progeny of the cross of two nonisogenicplants.

Genotype: The genetic constitution of a cell or organism.

Haploid: A cell or organism having one set of the two sets ofchromosomes in a diploid.

Linkage: A phenomenon wherein alleles on the same chromosome tend tosegregate together more often than expected by chance if theirtransmission was independent.

Marker: A readily detectable phenotype, preferably inherited incodominant fashion (both alleles at a locus in a diploid heterozygoteare readily detectable), with no environmental variance component, i.e.,heritability of 1.

Phenotype: The detectable characteristics of a cell or organism, whichcharacteristics are the manifestation of gene expression.

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL): Quantitative trait loci (QTL) refer togenetic loci that control to some degree numerically representabletraits that are usually continuously distributed.

Resistance: As used herein, the terms “resistance” and “tolerance” areused interchangeably to describe plants that show no symptoms to aspecified biotic pest, pathogen, abiotic influence or environmentalcondition. These terms are also used to describe plants showing somesymptoms but that are still able to produce marketable product with anacceptable yield. Some plants that are referred to as resistant ortolerant are only so in the sense that they may still produce a crop,even though the plants are stunted and the yield is reduced.

Regeneration: The development of a plant from tissue culture.

Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart value: The RHS color chartis a standardized reference which allows accurate identification of anycolor. A color's designation on the chart describes its hue, brightnessand saturation. A color is precisely named by the RHS color chart byidentifying the group name, sheet number and letter, e.g., Yellow-OrangeGroup 19A or Red Group 41B.

Self-pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigmaof the same plant.

Single Locus Converted (Conversion) Plant: Plants which are developed bya plant breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially allof the desired morphological and physiological characteristics of abroccoli variety are recovered in addition to the characteristics of thesingle locus transferred into the variety via the backcrossing techniqueand/or by genetic transformation.

Substantially Equivalent: A characteristic that, when compared, does notshow a statistically significant difference (e.g., p=0.05) from themean.

Tissue Culture: A composition comprising isolated cells of the same or adifferent type or a collection of such cells organized into parts of aplant.

Transgene: A genetic locus comprising a sequence which has beenintroduced into the genome of a broccoli plant by transformation.

H. DEPOSIT INFORMATION

A deposit of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL51-1128, disclosed above and recited in the claims, has been made withthe American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Blvd.,Manassas, Va. 20110-2209. The date of the deposits made was Dec. 23,2008. The accession numbers for those deposited seeds of broccoli hybridPS05151639 and inbred parent lines BRM 51-1162 and BRL 51-1128 are ATCCAccession Number PTA-9676, ATCC Accession Number PTA-9675, and ATCCAccession Number PTA-9674, respectively. Upon issuance of a patent, allrestrictions upon the deposits will be removed, and the deposits areintended to meet all of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. Thedeposits will be maintained in the depository for a period of 30 years,or 5 years after the last request, or for the effective life of thepatent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if necessary duringthat period.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

All references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein byreference.

REFERENCES

The following references, to the extent that they provide exemplaryprocedural or other details supplementary to those set forth herein, arespecifically incorporated herein by reference:

-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,365-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,435-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052-   U.S. Pat. No. 5,880,275-   An et al., Plant Physiol., 88:547, 1988.-   Bird et al., Biotech. Gen. Engin. Rev., 9:207, 1991.-   Bustos et al., Plant Cell, 1:839, 1989.-   Callis et al., Plant Physiol., 88:965, 1988.-   Choi et al., Plant Cell Rep., 13: 344-348, 1994.-   Dekeyser et al., Plant Cell, 2:591, 1990.-   Ellul et al., Theor. Appl. Genet., 107:462-469, 2003.-   EP 534 858-   Fraley et al., Bio/Technology, 3:629-635, 1985.-   Fromm et al., Nature, 312:791-793, 1986.-   Fromm et al., Plant Cell, 1:977, 1989.-   Gibson and Shillito, Mol. Biotech., 7:125, 1997-   Klee et al., Bio-Technology, 3(7):637-642, 1985.-   Kuhlemeier et al., Plant Cell, 1:471, 1989.-   Marcotte et al., Nature, 335:454, 1988.-   Marcotte et al., Plant Cell, 1:969, 1989.-   Odel et al., Nature, 313:810, 1985.-   Omirulleh et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 21(3):415-428, 1993.-   Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 199:183-188, 1985.-   Roshal et al., EMBO J., 6:1155, 1987.-   Schaffner and Sheen, Plant Cell, 3:997, 1991.-   Schernthaner et al., EMBO J., 7:1249, 1988.-   Siebertz et al., Plant Cell, 1:961, 1989.-   Simpson et al., EMBO J., 4:2723, 1985.-   Terada and Shimamoto, Mol. Gen. Genet., 220:389, 1990.-   Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 204:204, 1986.-   Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998.-   Williams et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990.-   WO 99/31248

1. A broccoli plant comprising at least a first set of the chromosomesof broccoli line BRM 51-1162 or broccoli line BRL 51-1128, a sample ofseed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession NumberPTA-9675, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-9674, respectively.
 2. A seedcomprising at least a first set of the chromosomes of broccoli line BRM51-1162 or broccoli line BRL 51-1128, a sample of seed of said lineshaving been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-9675, and ATCCAccession Number PTA-9674, respectively.
 3. The plant of claim 1, whichis inbred.
 4. The plant of claim 1, which is hybrid.
 5. The plant ofclaim 4, wherein the hybrid plant is broccoli hybrid PS05151639, asample of seed of said hybrid PS05151639 having been deposited underATCC Accession Number PTA-9676.
 6. The plant of claim 3, wherein theinbred plant is line BRM 51-1162 or line BRL 51-1128.
 7. A plant part ofthe plant of claim
 1. 8. The plant part of claim 7, further defined as aleaf, a ovule, a floret, pollen, a head, or a cell.
 9. A broccoli plant,or a part thereof, having all the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of the broccoli plant of claim
 5. 10. A broccoli plant,or a part thereof, having all the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of the broccoli plant of claim
 6. 11. A tissue cultureof regenerable cells of the plant of claim
 1. 12. The tissue cultureaccording to claim 11, comprising cells or protoplasts from a plant partselected from the group consisting of embryos, meristems, cotyledons,pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower, seed andstalks.
 13. A broccoli plant regenerated from the tissue culture ofclaim
 12. 14. A broccoli floret comprising an endogenous content of MSB(glucoraphanin) and MSP (glucoiberin) present in a ratio of MSB to MSPof from about 2:1 to about 40:1 on a weight to weight basis.
 15. Thebroccoli floret of claim 14, wherein the ratio of MSB to MSP is fromabout 2:1 to about 10:1 on a weight to weight basis.
 16. The broccolifloret of claim 14, wherein the ratio of MSB to MSP is from about 3:1 toabout 8:1 on a weight to weight basis.
 17. The floret of claim 14,wherein the floret contains at least about 10 μmole/g dry weight MSB andMSP.
 18. The floret of claim 14, wherein the floret is obtained from ahybrid broccoli plant.
 19. The floret of claim 14, wherein the floret isobtained from a broccoli plant adapted for commercial cultivation.
 20. Aplant that produces the floret of claim
 14. 21. A method of vegetativelypropagating the plant of claim 1 comprising the steps of: (a) collectingtissue capable of being propagated from a plant according to claim 1;(b) cultivating said tissue to obtain proliferated shoots; and (c)rooting said proliferated shoots to obtain rooted plantlets.
 22. Themethod of claim 21, further comprising growing plants from said rootedplantlets.
 23. A method of introducing a desired trait into a broccoliline comprising: (a) crossing a plant of line BRM 51-1162 or BRL51-1128, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCCAccession Number PTA-9675, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-9674,respectively, with a second broccoli plant that comprises a desiredtrait to produce F1 progeny; (b) selecting an F1 progeny that comprisesthe desired trait; (c) crossing the selected F1 progeny with a plant ofline BRM 51-1162 or BRL 51-1128 to produce backcross progeny; (d)selecting backcross progeny comprising the desired trait and thephysiological and morphological characteristic of broccoli line BRM51-1162 or BRL 51-1128; and (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three ormore times to produce selected fourth or higher backcross progeny thatcomprise the desired trait.
 24. A broccoli plant produced by the methodof claim
 23. 25. A method of producing a plant comprising an addeddesired trait, the method comprising introducing a transgene conferringthe desired trait into a plant of hybrid PS05151639, line BRM 51-1162 orline BRL 51-1128, a sample of seed of said hybrid and lines having beendeposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-9676, ATCC Accession NumberPTA-9675, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-9674, respectively.
 26. A methodof determining the genotype of the plant of claim 1 comprising obtaininga sample of nucleic acids from said plant and detecting in said nucleicacids a plurality of polymorphisms.
 27. The method of claim 19, furthercomprising the step of storing the results of detecting the plurality ofpolymorphisms on a computer readable medium.
 28. A computer readablemedium produced by the method of claim
 27. 29. A method for producing aseed of a plant derived from at least one of hybrid PS05151639, line BRM51-1162 or line BRL 51-1128 comprising the steps of: (a) crossing abroccoli plant of hybrid PS05151639, line BRM 51-1162 or line BRL51-1128 with a second broccoli plant; a sample of seed of said hybridand lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-9676,ATCC Accession Number PTA-9675, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-9674,respectively; and (b) allowing seed of a hybrid PS05151639, line BRM51-1162 or line BRL 51-1128-derived broccoli plant to form.
 30. Themethod of claim 29, further comprising the steps of: (c) crossing aplant grown from said hybrid PS05151639, BRM 51-1162 or BRL51-1128-derived broccoli seed with itself or a second broccoli plant toyield additional hybrid PS05151639, BRM 51-1162 or BRL 51-1128-derivedbroccoli seed; (d) growing said additional hybrid PS05151639, BRM51-1162 or BRL 51-1128-derived broccoli seed of step (c) to yieldadditional hybrid PS05151639, BRM 51-1162 or BRL 51-1128-derivedbroccoli plants; and (e) repeating the crossing and growing steps of (c)and (d) to generate further hybrid PS05151639, BRM 51-1162 or BRL51-1128-derived broccoli plants.
 31. The method of claim 29, wherein thesecond broccoli plant is of an inbred broccoli line.
 32. The method ofclaim 29, comprising crossing line BRM 51-1162 with line BRL 51-1128, asample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC AccessionNumber PTA-9675, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-9674, respectively. 33.The method of claim 32, wherein line BRL 51-1128 is used as the maleparent.
 34. The method of claim 32, wherein line BRL 51-1128 is used asthe female parent.
 35. A plant produced by the method of claim
 32. 36. Aplant part of the plant of claim
 35. 37. The plant part of claim 36,further defined as a leaf, a floret, a flower, a head, an ovule, pollen,or a cell.
 38. A tissue culture of cells of the plant of claim
 35. 39.The tissue culture of claim 38, wherein cells of the tissue culture arefrom a tissue selected from the group consisting of embryos, meristems,cotyledons, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower,seed and stalks.
 40. A broccoli plant regenerated from the tissueculture of claim 39, wherein the regenerated plant expresses all of thephysiological and morphological characteristics of hybrid broccolihybrid PS05151639.
 41. The plant of claim 35, wherein one or both of theplant of line BRM 51-1162 or BRL 51-1128 and the second plant comprisesa transgene.
 42. The plant of claim 35, wherein one or both of the plantof line BRM 51-1162 or BRL 51-1128 and the second plant comprises asingle locus conversion.
 43. A method of producing a food or feedcomprising: (a) obtaining a plant according to claim 1, wherein theplant has been cultivated to maturity; and (b) collecting tissue fromthe plant.
 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the plant according toclaim 1 is a plant of broccoli hybrid PS05151639, a sample of seed ofsaid hybrid PS05151639 having been deposited under ATCC Accession NumberPTA-9676.
 45. A method of producing broccoli seed comprising crossingthe plant of claim 1 with itself or a second broccoli plant and allowingseed to form.